Explanation of the 3 Linked Chain Hadith of Imam Ad-Darami [255H]

Explanation of the 3 Linked Chain Hadith of

Imam Ad-Darami [255H]

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ ، أَنْبَأَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ ، رَضِيَ الله عَنْهُ قَالَ : جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَلَمَّا قَامَ بَالَ فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْمَسْجِدِ ، قَالَ : فَصَاحَ بِهِ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَكَفَّهُمْ عَنْهُ ، ثُمَّ دَعَا بِدَلْوٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ فَصَبَّهُ عَلَى بَوْلِهِ.

“A Bedouin came to the Masjid and urinated, and the people yelled at him, but the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Leave him alone.’ So they left him alone. When he had finished urinating, he ordered that a bucket (be brought) and poured over it.”

This is the first of the three chained hadith in Sunnan Ad-Darami. The total amount of 3 chained narrations in his collection is 15.

This hadith was collected by Imam Ad-Darami and placed in the book of Wudu under chapter number 62: Urinating in the Masjid.

The Men in Isnad

The 3 men between Imam Ad-Darami and the Prophet are;

Ja’far ibn Awn – Yahya ibn Sa’eed—Anas ibn Malik

1. Anas ibn Malik:[ رضي الله عنه]Died in 93H after living a 100+ years

His name is Anas ibn Malik ibn An-Nadr. He was an Imam, a Mufti and a Reciter and a major narrator of Sunnah.

Narrations from: The Prophet [ﷺ], Abu Bakr, Umar ,Uthman, Abu Hurayrah and others.

Narrators from him: Hasan Al-Basri, Ibn Sireen, Abu Qilabah, Umar ibn Abdil Aziz, Az-Zuhri and others.

Anas ibn Malik served the Prophet for 9 years. The ulema differ on his age at the time of his death . Some say he was 103 or 107 . He narrated about 2286 hadith and among those collected in  both Bukhari in and in Muslim are a 180, and Al-Bukhari has 80 narrations that Imam Muslim didn’t report and Imam Muslim has 90 that Imam Al-Bukhari didn’t report.

Abu Hurayrah[رضي الله عنه] said: No one’s prayer resembled the Prophet’s like Anas’s.

The Prophet made dua for Allah to grant him wealth, many children and a long life. He had wealth,lived a long life and had 106 children .[1]

2. Yahya ibn Sa’eed : [ narrations in the 6 books ] died 143H

Narrations from: Anas ibn Malik and Sa’eed ibn Al-Musayab

Narrators from him: Malik ibn Anas, Az-Zuhri, Sufyan Ath-thowri and Ibn ‘Uyaynah and others.

Imam Ath-Thahabbi said he was [ حافظ فقيه حجة] in Al-Kashif # 6173

Yahya ibn Sa’eed  in Qays ibn Amr is his complete name. He was a major scholar in Madinah during his lifetime and a student from the 7 Fuqaha of Madina. He was a judge and a Mufti in the Prophet’s Masjid. The Hadith , “Actions are by intention”, from his chain of narration ,it branched to over 200  narrators,who then  reported it. [2]

3. Ja’far ibn Awn:[narrations in the 6 books] died in 206H

Narrations from: Hisham ibn Arwa, Al’amash, Abu Hanifah and others.

Narrators from him: Ishaq ibn Rawhoowiya, Ahmed ibn Hanbal, Abdu ibn Humayd and many others.

Some scholars like Imam Abu Hatim said he was [صدوق] while others concluded that he was [ثقة] . This was opinion of Imam Adh-Thahabi in Al-Kashif # 795 as well as Imam Al-Albani in Irwa [6/266]

The status of the Hadith

The isnad of this hadith in Ad-Darami’s  is Hasan Sahih and the Hadith is Sahih as it’s been collected by Imam Al-Bukhari (221) and by his student Imam Muslim(285).

Issues derived from the Hadith

Vocabulary

• A Bedouin is an Arab or non-Arab who lives in a far remote place.

The Man who urinated in the Masjid

• Al-Hafith Abu Musa and Ibn Al-Athir said: The Bedouin in this hadith was Thul Khuwaysara.[3]

Health Issues

• If a person is urinating it isn’t good to stop then continue again. This is harmful on the meatus and urethra.

Social interactions   

• A person is excused for his ignorance.
• An ignorant person isn’t treated the same as knowledgeable person.
• The caller to Allah’s Religion must show gentleness to the ignorant.
• The ignorant person is taught about his error in a polite fashion.

Methodology Issues

• It’s obligatory to enjoin what is correct and forbid what is wrong if you have the ability to do so.
• The person enjoining what is right and preventing evil must weigh the situation and take the outcome into consideration before acting. The Prophet [ﷺ] allowed the Bedouin to finish before educating him.
• If someone is going to cause a greater harm then they mustn’t be allowed to continue with their action. The Prophet [ﷺ] stopped his companions from stopping the man while urinating.
• If there are 2 evils then the lesser of the do is chosen and done.i.e The Bedouin urinating in the Masjid is bad, but stopping him could have been worse. For instance his urine would have splattered elsewhere, or his private parts would have been exposed to others to see, or if they stopped him he might have grown angry and left the masjid and never returned again.
• The Masjids must be maintained
• The Masjids must be respected.
• Whoever notices something dirty in the masjid must remove it or otherwise inform those in charge.
• The urine from the Son of Adam is an impurity.
• One of the conditions for prayer is a clean place, clean clothes and
• Water removes urine[4]

Prepared by Abu Aaliyah Abdullah ibn Dwight Battle

Academic / Khateeb for Qatar Religious Endowment

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[1] Siyr 4/189-193

[2] Siyr 5/284

[3] Fathul Manan sharh Musnad Ad-Darami/vol4,pg379, Abu Assim Al-Ghamari

[4] Refer to the explantion of Riyadus Salaheen by Imam Al-Uthaymeen, Shaykh Saleem Al-Hilali # 636