Bayqooneeyah’s Poem for the science of Hadeeth

منظومة البيقوني في علم الحديث

Bayqooneeyah’s Poem for the science of Hadeeth

By Shaykh Umar ibn Muhammad Al-Bayqoonee (1080H)

Play and read along

  أَبْدَأُ بِالحَمْــــدِ مُصَلِّيـــاً عَلَى                                 مُحَمَّــدٍ خَيْرِ نَبِيٍّ أُرْسِــلاَ

           I begin by praising Allah and offering Salutations on

          Muhammad the best Prophet ever sent

   وَذِي مِنْ أقْسـَامِ الحَدِيثِ عِـــدَّهْ                         وَكُـلُّ وَاحِـدٍ أَتَى وَحَــدَّه  

        There are numerous categories of Hadeeth

And every category of hadeeth has its meaning

 أَوَّلُهَا الصَّحِيــحُ وَهْوَ مَا اتَّصَـــلْ                    إِسْنـَادُهُ وَلَمْ يَشُـذَّ أَوْ يُعَــلْ

The first category is Saheeh and it’s a hadeeth with a connected

Chain, free from being Shath or having Illa

 يَرْوِيهِ عَدْلٌ ضَابِـطٌ عَنْ مِثْلِهِ                                         مُعْتَمَــدٌ فِي ضَبْطِـهِ وَنَقْلِهِ

A reliable precise person narrates it from a person like himself,

Who is reliable in his precision and in his narration.

   وَالحَسَن المَعْرُوفُ طُرْقــاً وَغَـدَتْ           رِجَالُـهُ لاَ كَالصَّحِيـحِ اشْتَهَرَتْ

Hasan is a hadeeth whose chains are known,

But the men in the chain aren’t as well known as Sahih.

وَكُلُّ مَا عَنْ رُتْبـــَةِ الحُسْنِ قَصرْ                فَهْوَالضَّعِيفُ وَهْوَ أَقْسَاماً كَثُــرُ

Every hadith that falls short from the degree of Hasan

Is Ad- Da’eef, and its categories are many

وَمَا أُضِيفَ لَلنَّبِــــــي المَرْفُوعُ                      وَمَا لِتَابِـــعٍ هُوَالمَقْطُـــوعُ

                  A hadith attributed to the Prophet is Marf’u

And that which is attributed to the Tab’I is Maqtu’

وَالمُسْنـَدُ المتَّصِــلُ الإسْــــنَاد مِنْ             رَاوِيهِ حَتَّى المُصْطَفَى وَلَمْ يَبِـنْ

                   Musnad is that which the isnad is connected from

Its narrator up to the chosen one and it isn’t broken

 وَمَا بِسَمْـعِ كُلِّ رَاوٍ يَتَّصِـــــل                     إسْنَادُهُ لِلْمُصْطَفَى فَالْمُتَّصِـــل

And in every chain the narrator hears and connects

His chain up to the chosen one is M’utasil

 مُسَلْسَــلٌ قُلْ مَا عَلَى وَصْفٍ أَتَى                 مِثْــلُ أَمَــا وَاللهِ أَنْبَانِي الْفَتَى

 Say the Musalsal is hadith narrated with a description

For example, Wallahi, the youngster informed me

  كَذَاكَ قَدْ حَدَّثَنِيهِ قَائمـــــــا          أَوْ بَعْــدَ أَنْ حَدَّثَنِي تَبَسَّمــا

Likewise, he narrated to me while standing        

Or after he narrated to me he smiled

 عَزِيزُ مَـــــرْوِي اثْنَيْنِ أوْ ثَلاَثَهْ                    مَشْهُورُ مَــرْوِي فوْقَ مَا ثَلاَثَهْ

Azeez is a narration from two or three people

Mashoor is  a narration with more than three people

مُعَنْعَنٌ كَعَنْ سَــعِيدٍ عَنْ كَــرَمْ                          وَمُبْهَــمٌ مَا فِيــهِ رَاوٍ لـَمْ يُسَمْ          

Mu’an’an is like from Sa’eed from Karam

And Mubham is that which the narrator’s name isn’t mentioned

وَكُلُّ مَا قَلَّــتْ رِجَالُهُ عَـــلاَ                     وَضِــدُهُ ذَاكَ الَّذِي قَـــدْ نَزَلاَ

Every hadith with few men is ‘Ala

And the opposite of ‘Ala is Nazala

وَمَا أَضَفْتَــهُ إِلَى الأَصْحَابِ مِـنْ              قَـوْلٍ وَفِعْــلٍ فَهْو مَوْقُوفٌ زُكِنْ

Whatever you attribute to the companions by way of,

Speech and actions, then its known as Mawquf

وَمُرْسَـــلٌ مِنْهُ الصِّحَابِيُّ سَـقَطْ                وَقُــلْ غَرِيبٌ مَا رَوَى رَاوٍ فَقـَطْ

And Mursal is when the companion is omitted

And say Ghareeb is when there is only one narrator.

  وَكُلُّ مَا لَمْ يَتَّصِــلْ بِحَـــــال                  إسْنَــادُهُ مُنْقَطِــعُ الأَوْصَــال                                   

                   Every hadith that isn’t connected in any structure

 Of its chain is (Munqati’) broken in connection

والمُعْضل الساقِـط مِنه اثنـــــانِ              وما أتى مُدلســـاً نوعـــانِ

    Al-Mu’dal is the omission of two people

              And Mudallas comes in two types

الأَوَّلُ الاسْقـَاطُ لِلشَّــــيْخِ وَأَنْ                  يَنْقُـلَ عَمَّـنْ فَوْقَــهُ بِعَـنْ وَأَنْ

The first is the removal of the Shaykh and to,

Narrate from someone beyond him saying,” this and that “

وَالثَّانِ لاَ يُسقطُــهُ لَكِنْ يَصِـــفْ              أَوْصَافَــهُ بِمَـا بِــهِ لاَ يَنْعَرِفْ

The second kind, the narrator doesn’t omit his shaykh but he describes

The shaykh by traits he isn’t known by

وَمَا يُخَـــالِفْ ثِقَةٌ بِهِ المــــَلاَ                    فَالشَّــاذ والمَقْلُوبُ قِسْمـانِ تَـلاَ

                     The hadith which the narrator contradicts the group

Is Shath, and al- Maqlub are the following two types

إبْدَالُ رَاوٍ مَا بِرَاوٍ قِسْــــــمُ     وَقَلْبُ إسْنَادٍ لمَتْـنٍ قِسْـــــمُ     

                  Replacing a narrator with another is one kind

And adding a chain to a hadith text is another kind

وَالْفَـــرْدُ مَا قَيَّدْتَـــهُ بِثِقــةِ        أَوْ جَمْــعٍ أوْ قَصْـرٍ عَلَى رِوَايَـةِ

                    Al-Fard is restricting a hadith to a trustworthy person

                         Or to a region, or a particular narrator

وَمـَا بِعِلَّةٍ غُمُوضٍ أَوْ خَفَـــــا                  مُعَلَّــلٌ عِنْدَهُمُ قَــدْ عُرِفــا

That which is obscure or has a hidden defect

                        Mu’allal, with the people it’s known

وَذُو اخْتِلافِ سَنَـــدٍ أَوْ مَتْـــنِ                  مُضْطَــرِبٌ عِنْــدَ أُهَيْلِ الْفَـنِّ

Various contradictions in the chain or the text is,

Mudtarib , with the experts

وَالمُدْرَجَــاتُ فِي الحَدِيـثِ مَا أَتَتْ            مِـنْ بَعْض أَلْفَــاظِ الرُّوَاةِ اتَّصَلَتْ

Al-Mudrij in the hadith is which comes

From some wordings the narrator adds

وَمَا رَوَى كُـلُّ قَرِيــنٍ عَنْ أَخِــهْ              مُدّبَّـجٌ فَأَعْرِفْــهُ حَقّــاً وَأَنْتَخِهْ

That which a contemporary narrates from his brother

Is Muddabbaj, comprehend it well and be proud

مُتَّفِـقٌ لَفْظــاً وَخَطــاً مُتَّفِــقْ                     وَضِــدُّهُ فِيمَــا ذَكَرْنَـا المُفْتَرِقْ

Agreeing in pronunciation and spelling is Muttafiq

And the opposite of what we mentioned is Al-Muftariq

مُؤْتَلِـفٌ مُتَّقِـقُ الخَــطِّ فَقَــطْ                     وَضِــدُّهُ مُخْتَلِـفُ فَاخْشَ الْغَلـَطْ

Mu’talif only agrees with the spelling

And its opposite is Mukhtalif, so be aware of the error

وَالمُنْكَــرُ الْفَـرْدُ بِــهِ رَاوٍ غـَدَا                 تَعْدِيلُـــهُ لاَ يَحْمِـــلُ التَّفَرُّدَا

Al-Munkar is a narrator narrates alone

His praised status doesn’t allow him to be alone in his narration

مَتْــرُوكُهُ مَــا وَاحِــدٌ بِهِ انْفَرَدْ                 وَأَجْمَعُــوا لِضَعْفِــهِ فَهْوَ كَرَدْ

It’s Matruk when the narrator is alone in the narration

And the scholars have agreed that he is weak, so it’s like rejected

وَالكَــذِبُ المُخْتَلَــقُ المَصْنُــوعُ               عَلَى النَّبِي فَذلِـكَ المَوْضُـــوعُ

A fabricated lie invented

On the Prophet is Al-Mawdu’

وَقَـدْ أَتَتْ كَالجَوْهَــرِ المَكْنُــونِ                سَمَّيْتُهَـا مَنْظُومَــةَ الْبَيْقُـونِـي

It has arrived like a hidden Jewel

I have named it Al-Bayqoonee poem

فَوْقَ الثَّلاَثِيــنَ بِأَرْبَــعٍ أَتَــتْ                    أَقْسَامُهَـا تَمَّـتْ بِخَيْـرٍ خُتِمَـتْ

More than thirty four lines

Divided up, sealed and complete with goodness

Translated by Abu Aaliyah Abdullah ibn Dwight Lamont Battle

Doha,Qatar 1433©

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